| Half-life | 2 hours |
| Tmax | 0.5 h |
| Bioavailability | 100 % (approx) |
| Protein Binding | 20 % |
| Volume of Distribution | 0.2 L/kg (approx) |
| Clearance Route | renal |
| Active Metabolites | no |
| Notes | Typical dosing 1–2 g IV q8–12h depending on severity. |
Severity: Severe
Adverse Effects:
Neurotoxicity (encephalopathy, seizures) especially in renal impairment; diarrhea
Contraindications:
Immediate beta-lactam anaphylaxis
Precautions:
Dose adjust strictly in renal impairment; monitor mental status