Pioglitazone
Brand: Actos (US/EU) / Pioz (IN) / Piobet (BD)
Antidiabetic
Thiazolidinedione (PPAR-γ agonist)
Chemistry
| Molecular Formula | C19H20N2O3S |
| PubChem |
CID: 4829 |
Structure
Pharmacokinetics
| Half-life | 7 hours |
| Tmax | 2.5 h |
| Bioavailability | 80 % (approx) |
| Protein Binding | 99 % |
| Volume of Distribution | 0.6 L/kg (approx) |
| Clearance Route | hepatic |
| Active Metabolites | yes |
| Notes | Fluid retention risk; avoid or use cautiously in heart failure. |
⚠️ Safety & Warnings
Severity: Moderate
Adverse Effects:
Weight gain, edema, fractures in women, rare bladder cancer risk
Contraindications:
NYHA III–IV heart failure
Precautions:
Monitor for edema/rapid weight gain; consider bone density in postmenopausal women