Metoprolol
Brand: Lopressor (US/EU) / Metocard (IN) / Betaloc (IN) / Metoprolol (BD)
Antihypertensive
Beta-1 selective blocker
Pharmacokinetics
| Half-life | 3.5 hours |
| Tmax | 1.5 h |
| Bioavailability | 50 % (approx) |
| Protein Binding | 12 % |
| Volume of Distribution | 5.6 L/kg (approx) |
| Clearance Route | hepatic |
| Active Metabolites | yes |
| Notes | Extensive hepatic metabolism via CYP2D6; bioavailability varies with genetic polymorphism. |
⚠️ Safety & Warnings
Severity: Moderate
Adverse Effects:
Bradycardia, hypotension, dizziness, fatigue
Contraindications:
Severe bradycardia, AV block, overt heart failure (acute phase)
Precautions:
Caution in asthma, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease; taper gradually before stopping