Spironolactone
Brand: Aldactone (US/EU) / Sactone (IN) / Spironol (BD)
Antihypertensive
Potassium-sparing diuretic (Aldosterone antagonist)
Pharmacokinetics
| Half-life | 1.4 hours |
| Tmax | 2.5 h |
| Bioavailability | 60 % (approx) |
| Protein Binding | 90 % |
| Volume of Distribution | 0.2 L/kg (approx) |
| Clearance Route | hepatic |
| Active Metabolites | yes |
| Notes | Rapidly converted to active metabolites (canrenone); duration of effect 24–72h; use cautiously with ACEIs, ARBs, or renal impairment. |
⚠️ Safety & Warnings
Severity: Moderate
Adverse Effects:
Hyperkalemia, gynecomastia, menstrual irregularities, fatigue, dizziness
Contraindications:
Anuria, acute renal failure, hyperkalemia
Precautions:
Monitor potassium and renal function; avoid combination with potassium supplements; caution in hepatic impairment