Endocrine & Metabolic
Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1)
Diabetes Mellitus
Chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
Includes autoimmune Type 1 diabetes, insulin–resistant Type 2 diabetes, and secondary diabetic states.
Historical note:
The term “diabetes” (Greek: “to pass through”) was described by Aretaeus of Cappadocia for excessive urination.
The sweet taste of urine (mellitus = “honey-sweet”) was documented by ancient Indian physicians (Sushruta, Charaka) and later by Thomas Willis in the 17th century.
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Chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
Includes autoimmune Type 1 diabetes, insulin–resistant Type 2 diabetes, and secondary diabetic states.
Historical note:
The term “diabetes” (Greek: “to pass through”) was described by Aretaeus of Cappadocia for excessive urination.
The sweet taste of urine (mellitus = “honey-sweet”) was documented by ancient Indian physicians (Sushruta, Charaka) and later by Thomas Willis in the 17th century.
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
A chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and elevated blood glucose, often associated with obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and genetic predisposition.
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