Antiparasitic Class
Albendazole
Subclass: Benzimidazole anthelmintic
PK:
t½ 8 hours | Clearance: hepatic
Max Dose: 800 day
Max Dose: 800 day
moderate
AE: - Elevated liver enzymes - Nausea, abdominal pain - Headache - Rarely bone marrow suppression in long-term use
AE: - Elevated liver enzymes - Nausea, abdominal pain - Headache - Rarely bone marrow suppression in long-term use
Diethylcarbamazine
Brand: Hetrazan / DEC
Subclass: Microfilaricidal agent
PK:
t½ 10 hours | Clearance: renal
moderate
AE: Fever, headache, dizziness, nausea; allergic reactions due to microfilarial death (Mazzotti-type). Rare: proteinuria, leukocytosis.
AE: Fever, headache, dizziness, nausea; allergic reactions due to microfilarial death (Mazzotti-type). Rare: proteinuria, leukocytosis.
Diloxanide Furoate
Brand: Furoxone / Diloxanide
Subclass: Luminal amoebicide
PK:
t½ 3 hours | Clearance: hepatic
mild
AE: Flatulence, pruritus, nausea
AE: Flatulence, pruritus, nausea
Furazolidone
Brand: Furoxone
Subclass: Nitrofuran antiprotozoal
PK:
t½ 1 hours | Clearance: hepatic
moderate
AE: GI upset, rash, hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
AE: GI upset, rash, hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
Ivermectin
Brand: Stromectol / Ivermectin (generic)
Subclass: Macrocyclic lactone (Avermectin)
PK:
t½ 18 hours | Clearance: hepatic
moderate
AE: Dizziness; pruritus; rash; lymphadenitis; Mazzotti reaction in onchocerciasis
AE: Dizziness; pruritus; rash; lymphadenitis; Mazzotti reaction in onchocerciasis
Mebendazole
Brand: Vermox / Meben (generic)
Subclass: Benzimidazole anthelmintic
PK:
t½ 3 hours | Clearance: hepatic
moderate
AE: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, transient ↑LFTs; Rare: neutropenia with prolonged use
AE: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, transient ↑LFTs; Rare: neutropenia with prolonged use
Niclosamide
Brand: Niclocide / Niclosan
Subclass: Anthelmintic (tapeworm)
PK:
t½ 6 hours | Clearance: hepatic
Max Dose: 2000 day
Max Dose: 2000 day
mild
AE: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort; rare pruritus
AE: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort; rare pruritus
Nitazoxanide
Brand: Alinia / Nizonide (IN/BD)
Subclass: Antiprotozoal / Antihelminthic
PK:
t½ 3 hours | Clearance: hepatic
moderate
AE: Abdominal pain, nausea, headache, elevated LFTs
AE: Abdominal pain, nausea, headache, elevated LFTs
Ornidazole
Brand: Ornida / Dazolic / Ornidazole (IN/BD generic)
Subclass: Nitroimidazole Antiprotozoal
PK:
t½ 12 hours | Clearance: hepatic
moderate
AE: Nausea, metallic taste, dizziness, fatigue; rarely seizures or neuropathy.
AE: Nausea, metallic taste, dizziness, fatigue; rarely seizures or neuropathy.
Paromomycin
Brand: Humatin / Paromomycin (generic)
Subclass: Aminoglycoside antiprotozoal (non-absorbed)
PK:
t½ 6 hours | Clearance: mixed
mild
AE: GI upset, cramps; systemic toxicity rare
AE: GI upset, cramps; systemic toxicity rare
Praziquantel
Brand: Biltricide / Prazitel
Subclass: Anthelmintic (schistosomicide)
PK:
t½ 1.5 hours | Clearance: hepatic
Max Dose: 3600 day
Max Dose: 3600 day
moderate
AE: Dizziness, headache, abdominal pain; transient fever due to worm death; urticaria rarely
AE: Dizziness, headache, abdominal pain; transient fever due to worm death; urticaria rarely
Pyrantel Pamoate
Brand: Pin-X / Pyrantel (IN-BD generic)
Subclass: Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker (Helminths)
PK:
t½ 5 hours | Clearance: hepatic
mild
AE: Nausea, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, dizziness, headache. Rare: elevated LFTs.
AE: Nausea, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, dizziness, headache. Rare: elevated LFTs.
Secnidazole
Brand: Secnil / Secnidazole (IN/BD generic)
Subclass: Nitroimidazole Antiprotozoal
PK:
t½ 20 hours | Clearance: hepatic
moderate
AE: Nausea, abdominal discomfort, headache, metallic taste; rarely CNS effects.
AE: Nausea, abdominal discomfort, headache, metallic taste; rarely CNS effects.
Tinidazole
Brand: Tindamax (US) / Fasigyn (Global)
Subclass: Nitroimidazole Antiprotozoal
PK:
t½ 12.5 hours | Clearance: hepatic
moderate
AE: Metallic taste, nausea, fatigue, dizziness; rare peripheral neuropathy; dark urine.
AE: Metallic taste, nausea, fatigue, dizziness; rare peripheral neuropathy; dark urine.